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Making Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Research Accessible to Everyone. Simplified summaries of the latest research, designed for patients, caregivers and anybody who's interested.

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Physiology Research

Browse the latest research summaries in the field of physiology for spinal cord injury patients and caregivers.

Showing 281-290 of 321 results

PhysiologyNeurology

Neural mechanisms underlying the Rubber Hand Illusion: A systematic review of related neurophysiological studies

Brain and Behavior, 2021 • January 1, 2021

This review explores the neural basis of the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) using neurophysiological techniques like TMS, EP, ERP, and EEG, highlighting their crucial role in understanding RHI. Studies us...

KEY FINDING: TMS studies indicate that motor cortex excitability decreases when the real hand is disembodied during the RHI, and ownership of the rubber hand correlates with normal parietal-motor communication.

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Spinal Cord InjuryPhysiologyNeurology

Phrenic motor neuron survival below cervical spinal cord hemisection

Exp Neurol, 2021 • December 1, 2021

This study demonstrates that phrenic motor neurons (PMNs) survive after cervical spinal cord hemisection (C2Hx) in rats, challenging previous findings suggesting substantial motor neuron death caudal ...

KEY FINDING: C2Hx had no detectable impact on phrenic motor neuron survival with either subacute (2-weeks) or chronic (8-weeks) spinal injury.

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ImmunologyPhysiologyNeurology

Taurolithocholic acid but not tauroursodeoxycholic acid rescues phagocytosis activity of bone marrow‐derived macrophages under inflammatory stress

Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2022 • March 1, 2022

The study investigates the effect of inflammatory stimuli and bile acids on myelin clearance by macrophages. Activation of the LPS-TLR4/NFκB pathway reduces myelin phagocytosis by bone marrow-derived ...

KEY FINDING: Activation of the TLR4-NFκB pathway reduced myelin uptake by bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), while IFNγ-Jak/STAT1 signaling did not.

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PhysiologyNeurologyPain Management

The Up-regulation of TNF-α Maintains Trigeminal Neuralgia by Modulating MAPKs Phosphorylation and BKCa Channels in Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2021 • November 25, 2021

This study investigates the role of TNF-α in trigeminal neuralgia (TN) by examining its effects on MAPKs phosphorylation and BKCa channels in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). The results show th...

KEY FINDING: TNF-α, CCL2, and CXCL1 are significantly increased in the TNC region of ION-CCI rats, suggesting their involvement in trigeminal neuralgia.

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AnesthesiologyPhysiologyNeurology

ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 Is Critical for Regulating Sevoflurane-Induced Microglial Inflammatory Responses and Caspase-3 Activation

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2021 • December 15, 2021

This study confirms that a clinical concentration of general anesthetic sevoflurane increased the expression of inflammatory factors in microglia and activated the caspase-3 by upregulating ATPIF1 expr...

KEY FINDING: Sevoflurane upregulates the expression of ATPIF1 to induce inflammation and caspase-3 activation.

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Spinal Cord InjuryPhysiologyNeurology

Long-Term Cultures of Spinal Cord Interneurons

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2022 • February 7, 2022

This study optimized a method for culturing primary spinal cord neurons, enabling stable cultivation, maturation, and characterization of interneurons isolated from E14 mouse embryos. The cultures wer...

KEY FINDING: Spinal cord interneurons (SpINs) can be cultured long-term (over 2 months) in a defined, simple serum-free medium.

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AnesthesiologyPhysiologyNeurology

Corrigendum: ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 Is Critical for Regulating Sevoflurane-Induced Microglial Inflammatory Responses and Caspase-3 Activation

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, 2022 • May 19, 2022

This corrigendum addresses errors found in Figure 5 of the original article concerning ATPIF1's role in sevoflurane-induced microglial inflammatory responses. The errors involved incorrect labeling in ...

KEY FINDING: Correction of identification errors of notes (E–J) in the legend for Figure 5.

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EndocrinologyPhysiologyGenetics

DOCK3 regulates normal skeletal muscle regeneration and glucose metabolism

bioRxiv, 2023 • February 27, 2023

This study investigates the role of DOCK3 in skeletal muscle using a muscle-specific knockout mouse model. The researchers found that loss of DOCK3 in skeletal muscle leads to impaired muscle regenera...

KEY FINDING: Dock3 mKO mice presented with significant hyperglycemia and increased fat mass, indicating a metabolic role in the maintenance of skeletal muscle health.

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Spinal Cord InjuryPhysiologyNeurology

Depolarization and Hyperexcitability of Cortical Motor Neurons after Spinal Cord Injury Associates with Reduced HCN Channel Activity

Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2023 • March 1, 2023

This study investigates the consequences of axotomy on the function of principal neurons of the primary motor cortex layer V (M1LV) in a rat model of SCI. Transection of the dorsal corticospinal tract...

KEY FINDING: Axotomized M1LV neurons became excessively depolarized after SCI, meaning their resting membrane potential was higher than normal.

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Regenerative MedicinePhysiologyNeurology

The Usefulness of Motor Potentials Evoked Transvertebrally at Lumbar Levels for the Evaluation of Peroneal Nerve Regeneration after Experimental Repair in Rats

J. Pers. Med., 2023 • February 28, 2023

This study evaluated the usefulness of motor potentials evoked transvertebrally at lumbar levels in assessing peroneal nerve regeneration in rats after experimental repair. Recordings were performed 2...

KEY FINDING: MEP and ENG stimulations both resulted in evoked potentials, with larger amplitude values following the application of magnetic pulses.

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