Browse the latest research summaries in the field of physiology for spinal cord injury patients and caregivers.
Showing 1-10 of 321 results
J Comp Neurol, 2012 • October 15, 2012
This report describes an increase in sulfated CS-GAG expression in the injury core and in a tight band surrounding it, and a decrease in the number of PNNs and the level of aggrecan and phosphacan in ...
KEY FINDING: TBI resulted in an increase in the CSPGs neurocan and NG2 expression in a tight band surrounding the injury core, which overlapped with the presence of 4-sulfated CS GAGs but not with 6-sulfated GAGs.
PLoS ONE, 2012 • November 20, 2012
This study combined computational and biochemical methods to identify small molecule inhibitors of PTPs. The in silico docking showed that the identified compounds are molecularly accommodated by the ...
KEY FINDING: Several compounds were identified that inhibit PTPs activity in vitro with micromolar potency.
Biology Open, 2013 • January 1, 2013
This study demonstrates that optogenetics can be used to initiate regeneration of a complex vertebrate structure in vivo by light-gated H+ pump, Archaerhodopsin. Light-activated Arch activity restores...
KEY FINDING: Light activation of Archaerhodopsin (Arch) hyperpolarizes cells in vivo, rescuing Xenopus embryos from craniofacial and patterning abnormalities.
Frontiers in Physiology, 2014 • February 25, 2014
This review focuses on the role pannexins play in inflammation-induced regeneration in various tissues, highlighting their involvement in cell death, differentiation, and tissue repair. Pannexins, par...
KEY FINDING: Pannexin-1 (Panx1) channels function as an integral component of the P2X/P2Y purinergic signaling pathway and is arguably the major contributor to pathophysiological ATP release.
Stem Cell Reports, 2014 • March 11, 2014
The study demonstrates the existence of intrinsically active neurons (IANs) in pluripotent stem cell-derived neuronal networks, using mouse embryonic stem cells. These IANs are functionally integrated...
KEY FINDING: Pluripotent stem cell-derived neuronal networks contain intrinsically active neurons (IANs) that remain active after blocking fast synaptic communication.
Cell Calcium, 2014 • July 1, 2014
This study shows that muscle cell precursors in regenerating tissues exhibit spontaneous calcium transients after tail amputation. These calcium transients are mediated by ryanodine receptor-operated ...
KEY FINDING: Muscle cell precursors in regenerating tails exhibit spontaneous calcium transients.
Neural Regen Res, 2013 • November 1, 2013
This study monitored spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits using somatosensory evoked potential detection technology. The results showed that the somatosensory evoked potential latency wa...
KEY FINDING: Somatosensory evoked potential latency was significantly prolonged during spinal cord ischemia, reflecting the degree of ischemic injury.
Neural Regeneration Research, 2014 • February 1, 2014
Axon growth is crucial for nervous system development and post-injury recovery. CSPGs and HSPGs, acting like traffic signals, respectively inhibit and promote axon growth. The identification of LAR an...
KEY FINDING: CSPGs and HSPGs have opposite effects on axonal behavior, with CSPGs often acting as repulsive guidance molecules and HSPGs as attractive signals.
J Neurol Surg B, 2014 • June 26, 2014
The olfactory mucosa is a specialized sensory organ for smell, and a better understanding of its cellular biology and physiology is necessary to appreciate experiments using animal models. The olfacto...
KEY FINDING: The human olfactory mucosa appears slightly yellow and lacks the distinctive hue seen in rodents, concentrated in the posterosuperior nasal cavity near the cribriform plate.
Int J Dev Biol, 2015 • January 1, 2015
This study investigates the role of transmembrane voltage potentials (Vmem) in regulating apoptosis and proliferation during embryonic CNS development using Xenopus laevis embryos. Disrupting local Vm...
KEY FINDING: Disrupting local bioelectric signals in the developing neural tube increases apoptosis and decreases proliferation, leading to brain mispatterning.