Browse the latest research summaries in the field of biomedical for spinal cord injury patients and caregivers.
Showing 351-360 of 904 results
IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng, 2017 • October 1, 2017
This study investigates the use of human-generated rewards to train reinforcement learning (RL) controllers for functional electrical stimulation (FES) of arm movements in individuals with spinal cord...
KEY FINDING: RL controllers trained with human and pseudo-human rewards significantly outperformed standard controllers in reaching tasks.
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2012 • May 6, 2012
This study compared the effectiveness of joint kinematics and center of mass (COM) acceleration feedback for controlling standing balance using functional neuromuscular stimulation (FNS) in individual...
KEY FINDING: Compared to constant stimulation, feedback control systems using joint kinematics, COM acceleration, or a combination reduced the need for upper extremity support by 51%, 43%, and 56%, respectively.
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2017 • May 16, 2017
The study presents a self-contained muscle-driven exoskeleton to restore stepping in individuals with paraplegia due to SCI. The untethered hybrid system coordinates exoskeletal constraints with muscl...
KEY FINDING: The hybrid neuroprosthesis (HNP) system restored stepping in three individuals with motor complete paralysis due to SCI.
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2017 • June 1, 2017
This study presents a reactive stepping controller designed for individuals with spinal cord injuries using implanted neuroprostheses. The controller utilizes body-mounted accelerometers to detect for...
KEY FINDING: The controller effectively initiated steps for all perturbations with magnitude between 10 and 17.5 s body weight, and initiated a postural response with occasional steps at 5% body weight.
J Neural Eng, 2007 • December 1, 2007
This study evaluated the effects of intraspinal microstimulation on bladder voiding in cats before and after spinal cord injury. Microelectrode arrays were implanted in the sacral spinal cord to stimu...
KEY FINDING: Stimulation at the S1 level produced strong bladder contractions and EUS relaxation, resulting in voiding in 14 animals.
J Neural Eng, 2008 • June 1, 2008
This study demonstrates that a noninvasive BCI using EEG can provide people with multidimensional movement and selection capabilities, emulating mouse operation. The results show that users can learn ...
KEY FINDING: People can learn to use scalp-recorded EEG rhythms to move a cursor in two dimensions to reach a target and then to select the target.
J Neural Eng, 2008 • June 1, 2008
The study demonstrated that extra-spinal electrical stimulation, particularly when amplitude-modulated, can induce coordinated hindlimb movements in cats, including flexion, extension, and stepping. T...
KEY FINDING: Stimulation location influences movement type: rostral segments (L5) induced flexion, caudal segments (L7/S1) induced extension.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2009 • January 1, 2009
This paper describes a new method for designing feedforward controllers for multiple-muscle, multiple-degree-of-freedom, motor system neural prostheses. We tested the method experimentally in ten able...
KEY FINDING: Good control of isometric force was achieved in both degrees of freedom, with RMS errors less than 10% of the force range in seven experiments.
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng, 2009 • February 1, 2009
This study implemented an adaptive control system in a rodent model for neuromotor therapy to address the shortcomings of previous open-loop control systems, which were unable to generate accurate mov...
KEY FINDING: The adaptive PG/PS control system provided excellent movement tracking with less than 10% error in 100-cycle movement trials, although stimulation levels increased to counteract muscle fatigue.
Med Biol Eng Comput, 2009 • May 1, 2009
This paper introduces a feedforward–feedback controller for a two-joint, six-muscle arm model, designed for functional electrical stimulation (FES) systems. The controller incorporates an artificial n...
KEY FINDING: The combined feedforward-feedback controller achieved a tracking error of less than 4° in ideal conditions.