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  4. Very rare incidence of ascending paralysis in a patient of traumatic spinal cord injury: a case report

Very rare incidence of ascending paralysis in a patient of traumatic spinal cord injury: a case report

Spinal Cord Series and Cases, 2022 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41394-022-00536-4 · Published: July 17, 2022

Spinal Cord InjuryNeurologyResearch Methodology & Design

Simple Explanation

This case report discusses a rare complication after spinal cord injury where the neurological level worsens, moving upwards by more than four segments from the initial injury level. The patient, a 22-year-old male, initially had a spinal cord injury at the T12 level, which progressed to T4 and then T2 within a few weeks after surgery. Despite investigations and treatment, the exact cause of this ascending paralysis remained unclear, highlighting the challenges in understanding and managing such rare occurrences.

Study Duration
Not specified
Participants
One 22-year-old male
Evidence Level
Level 4: Case Report

Key Findings

  • 1
    The patient experienced a rapid progression of neurological level, ascending more than four segments from T12 to T2 within a few weeks post-surgery.
  • 2
    MRI revealed long segment diffuse hyperintensity extending from T6 level to conus medullaris, affecting almost the entire section of cord with mild thickening of the affected cord.
  • 3
    Standard rehabilitation protocol, including strengthening exercises and mobility training, led to improvement in the patient's functional independence measure score from 66 to 98.

Research Summary

The case report describes a rare instance of sub-acute post-traumatic ascending myelopathy (SPAM) in a 22-year-old male who experienced significant neurological deterioration after spinal cord injury surgery. Despite investigations and supportive management including rehabilitation and steroid treatment, the underlying cause of the ascending paralysis remained unclear, emphasizing the diagnostic challenges associated with this condition. The report highlights the importance of close monitoring and early detection of SPAM in spinal cord injury patients, given its potential for increased morbidity and mortality.

Practical Implications

Clinical Awareness

Enhances awareness among physicians regarding the rare but serious complication of SPAM following spinal cord injury.

Diagnostic Vigilance

Stresses the need for diligent monitoring of neurological levels in SCI patients to promptly identify ascending paralysis.

Further Research

Encourages further investigation into the risk factors and pathological mechanisms underlying SPAM to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Single case report limits generalizability.
  • 2
    Underlying cause of ascending paralysis remains unclear.
  • 3
    Lack of vascular studies to rule out vascular thrombosis.

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