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  4. The impact of COVID-19 on community integration, quality of life, depression and anxiety in people with chronic spinal cord injury

The impact of COVID-19 on community integration, quality of life, depression and anxiety in people with chronic spinal cord injury

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2022 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1922230 · Published: January 1, 2022

Spinal Cord InjuryCOVID-19Mental Health

Simple Explanation

This study looked at how the COVID-19 pandemic affected people with chronic spinal cord injuries (SCI). The researchers compared how people with SCI felt about their community involvement, quality of life, and levels of anxiety and depression before and during the pandemic. The study found that during the pandemic, people with SCI reported feeling less socially integrated and more depressed. Interestingly, younger participants (19-54 years old) reported a decrease in their physical and psychological well-being, while older participants (55-88 years old) did not report the same. These findings suggest that the pandemic had a negative impact on the mental health and social lives of people with SCI, and that younger adults with SCI may have been more vulnerable to these effects.

Study Duration
June 2020 to November 2020
Participants
175 community dwelling adults (≥18 years) with chronic SCI
Evidence Level
Prospective observational cohort study

Key Findings

  • 1
    Participants reported significantly decreased Social Integration during COVID-19 compared to pre-pandemic scores.
  • 2
    Depression (measured using HADS) was significantly higher than before COVID-19.
  • 3
    Participants in the 19–54 group during COVID-19 were significantly lower than before COVID-19 in the Physical and Psychological dimensions of the WHOQOL-BREF.

Research Summary

This study compared community integration, quality of life, anxiety, and depression in people with chronic SCI before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed a significant decrease in social integration and an increase in depression during the pandemic. Younger participants (19–54 years) also experienced a decline in physical and psychological well-being. The older group (55–88 years) did not show significant changes, potentially due to resilience factors. These findings highlight the psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on individuals with SCI, particularly younger adults.

Practical Implications

Targeted Interventions

Develop specific interventions to address the increased depression and reduced social integration among individuals with SCI during pandemics or similar crises.

Age-Specific Support

Provide tailored support for younger adults with SCI, focusing on physical and psychological well-being, as they appear to be more vulnerable during such events.

Resilience Building

Explore and promote resilience-building strategies among individuals with SCI to mitigate the negative impacts of stressful situations, potentially learning from the coping mechanisms of older adults.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Data collected from participants who had previously undertaken rehabilitation in a single tertiary center, limiting generalization.
  • 2
    Male participants account for almost 70% of the sample, suggesting a sex bias.
  • 3
    Online assessments have been criticized in previous studies, potentially introducing bias.

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