Recent advance in bioactive hydrogels for repairing spinal cord injury: material design, biofunctional regulation, and applications

Functional hydrogels are promising for repairing spinal cord injuries (SCI) due to their chemical, physical, and biological properties. This review focuses on material design and biological regulation of hydrogels to improve SCI repair. Bioactive hydrogels can be made with components like DNA, proteins, peptides, and polysaccharides to achieve cell compatibility, self-healing, and antibacterial activity for SCI repair. Functional regulation of hydrogels with drugs, growth factors, and nanoparticles enhances their effectiveness in treating SCI, bridging materials science and biomedicine for clinical potential.

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  Bioactive hydrogels incorporating biological components such as DNA, proteins, and peptides exhibit unique biological properties beneficial for SCI repair.
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  Functional regulation of hydrogels with drugs, growth factors, nanoparticles, and other materials can enhance their therapeutic effects on SCI.
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  The review emphasizes the importance of material design and bioactivity regulation in promoting the application of hydrogels for SCI repair, bridging materials science and biomedicine.