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  4. Pain, pain interference, social and school/ work functioning in youth with spinal cord injury: A mediation analysis

Pain, pain interference, social and school/ work functioning in youth with spinal cord injury: A mediation analysis

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2024 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2022.2120232 · Published: September 8, 2022

Spinal Cord InjuryParticipationPain Management

Simple Explanation

This study looks at how pain affects the ability of young people with spinal cord injuries (SCI) to function in school or work. It explores whether pain interferes with their daily activities and social interactions, and how these factors, in turn, impact their performance in school or at work. The researchers wanted to understand the mechanisms that explain how pain severity impacts school/work functioning in youth with SCI.

Study Duration
June to December 2020
Participants
125 youth with SCI ages 8–24
Evidence Level
Not specified

Key Findings

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    Pain predictive effects on school/work functioning were serially mediated by pain interference and social functioning.
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    Age, sex, pain, pain interference and social functioning accounted for 45% of the variance in youth-reported school/work functioning.
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    The effects of pain severity on school/work functioning are primarily mediated through the direct and indirect effects of pain severity on pain interference and social functioning.

Research Summary

The mechanisms of the predictive effects of pain severity on school/work functioning in youth with SCI are explained in part by the serial multiple mediator effects of pain interference and social functioning. Identifying the multiple mediators of SCI pain on school/work functioning from the perspective of youth with SCI may facilitate future clinical research and practice to ameliorate impaired daily functioning and improve overall well-being. The full predictive analytics model of predictor variable, mediators, and age and sex covariates accounted for 45% of the variance in school/work functioning from the perspective of youth with SCI, representing a large statistical effect size.

Practical Implications

Interdisciplinary intervention

An interdisciplinary intervention approach combining multidimensional pain pharmaceutical and nonpharmaceutical treatments and social problem-solving skills training may improve outcomes.

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Cognitive–behavioral therapy strategies have been demonstrated to be effective in chronic pain management, which may lessen in part the negative direct effects of pain on cognitive functioning.

Social Skills Training

Social problem-solving skills training interventions targeting impaired social functioning are essential and may be adapted from social skills training approaches as described for other pediatric chronic conditions.

Study Limitations

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