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  4. Improvement of the gait deviation index for spinal cord injury to broaden its applicability: the reduced gait deviation index for spinal cord injury (rSCI-GDI)

Improvement of the gait deviation index for spinal cord injury to broaden its applicability: the reduced gait deviation index for spinal cord injury (rSCI-GDI)

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 2024 · DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1431596 · Published: October 2, 2024

Spinal Cord InjuryBiomechanics

Simple Explanation

The SCI-GDI is a tool used to assess how someone with a spinal cord injury walks, but it needs special equipment to measure movements accurately. This study created a new version, the rSCI-GDI, that uses fewer measurements and can be used with simpler equipment, making it easier to assess walking in different situations. The rSCI-GDI focuses on key movements like hip, knee, and ankle motion, and it works just as well as the original SCI-GDI for understanding how someone with a spinal cord injury walks.

Study Duration
Not specified
Participants
302 strides from patients with SCI, 446 strides from adults without gait impairment, 35 adults with SCI
Evidence Level
Original Research

Key Findings

  • 1
    The reduced SCI-GDI (rSCI-GDI) effectively represents gait variability of adults with SCI as does the SCI-GDI.
  • 2
    Pelvic movements, hip rotation, and foot progression angle introduce high variability to the dataset of gait patterns of the adult population with SCI, but they have low relevance to characterize gait kinematics of this population.
  • 3
    The rSCI-GDI presents equivalent or stronger correlation coefficients with most of the clinical tests evaluated when compared to the SCI-GDI.

Research Summary

This research aimed to improve the SCI-GDI to broaden its applicability beyond the use of photogrammetry. The reduced SCI-GDI (rSCI-GDI) effectively represents gait variability of adults with SCI as does the SCI-GDI, while providing more generalizable results and equivalent or stronger correlations with clinical tests validated in the population. The rSCI-GDI can be computed only with gait kinematics of the sagittal planes of hip, knee and ankle and hip abduction/adduction.

Practical Implications

Broader Applicability

The rSCI-GDI can be used in scenarios where photogrammetry is not feasible, such as real-life settings or when using rehabilitation technologies.

Simplified Assessment

The rSCI-GDI requires fewer joint movements, making it easier to capture data with simpler and more versatile systems.

Improved Generalizability

The rSCI-GDI provides more generalizable results and has equivalent or stronger correlations with clinical tests validated in the population.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Future studies are necessary to assess the concurrent validity of computing the rSCI-GDI with photogrammetry and with other more versatile systems such as IMUs, goniometers, 2-D video-based analysis, among others.
  • 2
    The rSCI-GDI or an index computed with data of various neurological diseases, could be useful as a feature in characterizing neurodegenerative diseases as a whole, as suggested in (Mengarelli et al., 2022).
  • 3
    The sensitivity of the reduced SCI-GDI with respect to WISCI II levels is limited.

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