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  4. Glenohumeral joint dynamics and shoulder muscle activity during geared manual wheelchair propulsion on carpeted floor in individuals with spinal cord injury

Glenohumeral joint dynamics and shoulder muscle activity during geared manual wheelchair propulsion on carpeted floor in individuals with spinal cord injury

J Electromyogr Kinesiol, 2022 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2019.05.019 · Published: February 1, 2022

Spinal Cord InjuryRehabilitationBiomechanics

Simple Explanation

This study investigates how using geared wheels on manual wheelchairs affects the shoulder joints and muscles of veterans with spinal cord injuries while wheeling on carpet. The study compares standard (1:1) and low gear (1.5:1) conditions, measuring hand-rim kinetics, shoulder joint dynamics, and muscle activity. The goal is to see if geared wheels can reduce the strain on shoulders, potentially helping users maintain independence and reduce injuries.

Study Duration
Not specified
Participants
7 veterans with paraplegic SCI
Evidence Level
Not specified

Key Findings

  • 1
    The propulsion speed and stroke distance decreased significantly during the low gear condition.
  • 2
    The peak hand-rim resultant force and propulsive moment were significantly less during the low gear condition.
  • 3
    Peak and integrated muscle activity of the anterior deltoid and pectoralis major decreased significantly during the low gear condition.

Research Summary

This study examined the impact of geared wheels on shoulder biomechanics and muscle activity in wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries propeling on carpet. The low gear condition significantly reduced glenohumeral joint forces and moments, as well as muscle activity, suggesting a decrease in shoulder demand. While propulsion speed and stroke distance decreased in low gear, the overall findings suggest geared wheels may help reduce upper extremity strain and improve mobility.

Practical Implications

Reduced Shoulder Demands

The use of geared wheels, particularly in low gear, can significantly reduce the peak forces and moments experienced at the shoulder joint during wheelchair propulsion on carpet, potentially lowering the risk of injury.

Enhanced Independent Mobility

By decreasing the physical demands of propulsion, geared wheels may allow wheelchair users to maintain independent mobility within their homes and communities for a longer period.

Trade-off Considerations

While geared wheels reduce shoulder strain, they also decrease propulsion speed and stroke distance, requiring more frequent stroke cycles. This trade-off should be considered based on individual user needs and priorities.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Small sample size
  • 2
    Focus on carpeted surfaces only
  • 3
    Limited muscle activity assessment

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