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  4. A bipedal mammalian model for spinal cord injury research: The tammar wallaby

A bipedal mammalian model for spinal cord injury research: The tammar wallaby

F1000Research, 2017 · DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11712.1 · Published: June 15, 2017

Spinal Cord InjuryRegenerative MedicineResearch Methodology & Design

Simple Explanation

This research explores the use of tammar wallabies as a model to study spinal cord injury, focusing on their ability to recover from spinal injuries at different developmental stages. The study found a 'permissive' period early in development where spinal cord regeneration is possible, and a later 'non-permissive' period where it isn't. Unlike quadrupeds, wallabies are bipedal, making them potentially more relevant for human spinal cord injury studies because they rely less on sensory feedback for locomotor functions.

Study Duration
Up to 200 days
Participants
Tammar wallaby pouch young (PY)
Evidence Level
Not specified

Key Findings

  • 1
    Tammars injured up to 3 weeks of age showed axon regrowth across the spinal cord lesion site, restoring supraspinal innervation.
  • 2
    Young tammars injured at P7-21 were able to hop and swim similarly to controls at pouch exit (P180).
  • 3
    Tammars injured after 6 weeks of age did not exhibit axon regrowth and showed impaired hind limb function.

Research Summary

The study establishes the tammar wallaby as a bipedal model for spinal cord injury research, highlighting a 'permissive' period for regeneration in early development. Data indicate that regrowth of supraspinal connections across the injury site can be studied in a bipedal animal. Tammars may be a more appropriate model for studies of therapeutic interventions relevant to humans due to their bipedalism.

Practical Implications

Improved SCI Models

Tammars, being bipedal, offer a more relevant model for human SCI research compared to quadrupeds.

Therapeutic Development

The tammar model can be used to test potential therapies aimed at promoting repair after SCI in humans.

Understanding Bipedal Locomotion

Studying tammars following SCI can contribute to developing future therapies suitable for human patients with paraplegia.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Small numbers of animals were available for the study.
  • 2
    Problems were encountered in achieving survival of older (P40 and P60) operated animals.
  • 3
    There is also the question to what extent bipedal locomotion in the tammar can accurately equate to bipedal locomotion patterns in humans.

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