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  4. Utilization and access to healthcare services among community-dwelling people living with spinal cord injury

Utilization and access to healthcare services among community-dwelling people living with spinal cord injury

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2017 · DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2016.1184828 · Published: May 1, 2017

Spinal Cord InjuryHealthcareRehabilitation

Simple Explanation

This study looks at how people with spinal cord injuries (SCI) use healthcare services, how easy it is for them to get care, and how satisfied they are with the care they receive. The study found that most participants had seen a primary care doctor or SCI specialist in the past year, but many had also visited the emergency room. People with lower incomes and less education were more likely to visit the ER. The study suggests that care for people with SCI could be improved by having SCI specialists coordinate care and by using telehealth to monitor patients remotely.

Study Duration
10 Months
Participants
142 individuals with SCI
Evidence Level
Cross-sectional survey

Key Findings

  • 1
    Ninety-nine percent of respondents had a healthcare visit in the past 12-months with primary care physicians (79%), with SCI physiatrists (77%) and urologists (50%) being the most utilized.
  • 2
    43% of the sample reported an ER visit within the past 12-months, with 21% reporting multiple visits.
  • 3
    Individuals who did not visit an SCI physiatrist were significantly more likely to live in a rural area (P = 0.0075), not have private insurance (P = 0.0001), and experience a greater decrease in income post injury (P = 0.010).

Research Summary

The study aimed to describe the utilization, accessibility, and satisfaction of primary and preventative health-care services of community-dwelling individuals with SCI. The majority of participants reported seeing a primary care physician (79%) followed by an SCI physiatrist (77%), urologist (50%), wound care specialist (27%), pain management specialist (22%), neurosurgeon (19%), and orthopedic surgeon (13%). The delivery of care for people with SCI with low socioeconomic status may be remodeled to include patient-centered medical homes where care is directed by an SCI physiatrist.

Practical Implications

Patient-Centered Medical Homes

Implementing patient-centered medical homes directed by SCI physiatrists could centralize care and improve quality and efficiency, especially for those in rural areas.

Increased Telehealth Efforts

Expanding telehealth services would enable SCI physiatrists to remotely monitor health conditions and focus on preventative treatment, reducing the need for ER visits.

Healthcare Provider Training

Including content on the unique needs of people with disabilities in healthcare provider training could improve satisfaction and the quality of care received.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    The study only included participants from one inpatient hospital and outpatient SCI Clinic in a single geographic area of the United States so results may not be generalizable to other clinics and regions.
  • 2
    The survey only included self-report data with no objective information on healthcare utilization.
  • 3
    The sample was limited to individuals with a maximum age of 64 years old.

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