Spinal Cord Research Help
AboutCategoriesLatest ResearchContact
Subscribe
Spinal Cord Research Help

Making Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) Research Accessible to Everyone. Simplified summaries of the latest research, designed for patients, caregivers and anybody who's interested.

Quick Links

  • Home
  • About
  • Categories
  • Latest Research
  • Disclaimer

Contact

  • Contact Us
© 2025 Spinal Cord Research Help

All rights reserved.

  1. Home
  2. Research
  3. Spinal Cord Injury
  4. Training Youth With SCI to Improve Efficiency and Biomechanics of Wheelchair Propulsion: A Pilot Study

Training Youth With SCI to Improve Efficiency and Biomechanics of Wheelchair Propulsion: A Pilot Study

Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil, 2019 · DOI: 10.1310/sci2502–157 · Published: May 1, 2019

Spinal Cord InjuryAssistive TechnologyPediatrics

Simple Explanation

Long-term manual wheelchair users are at an increased risk of developing upper extremity (UE) joint pain and injuries due to the repetitive nature of wheelchair propulsion. Youth who sustain spinal cord injuries (SCIs) may be at even greater risk due to the many years they may be wheelchair dependent. There has been a decreasing trend in duration of initial rehabilitation, therefore little time is spent on training of proper wheelchair propulsion. An objective evaluation along with proper training may help prevent the risk of UE pain and injuries over time. The SmartWheel can be mounted to most wheelchairs and can calculate and record forces applied to the push rim during propulsion via force transducers and wirelessly transmit that data to a computer.

Study Duration
Not specified
Participants
23 participants, manual wheelchair users between 7 and 19 years of age with SCI
Evidence Level
Pilot Study

Key Findings

  • 1
    Significant improvements were found for SmartWheel metrics of peak backwards force that improved from -3.08 Newtons (N) ± 2.1 pre training to -2.37 N ± 1.9 (p = .041) post training
  • 2
    Significant improvements were found for push mechanical effectiveness that improved from .575 ± .14 at baseline to .631 ± .17 post training (p = .033).
  • 3
    Post training, the mean peak backwards force was significantly less than the mean peak backwards force pre training, indicating improvement (-2.37 ± 1.9 vs -3.08 ± 2.1; p = .041).

Research Summary

This pilot project was to develop a training paradigm that would evaluate and improve the efficiency and biomechanics of wheelchair propulsion in youth with SCI by integrating real-time feedback from the SmartWheel pre and post training. Analyses of the biomechanical measures of propulsion were conducted using paired samples t tests. Significant findings were identified for both peak backwards force and push mechanical effectiveness. Our results suggest that an objective wheelchair assessment and propulsive training may be a valuable tool for youth with SCI.

Practical Implications

Clinical Practice

Employing an objective wheelchair assessment and proper training on an ongoing basis as the child is growing as well as when the child receives new wheelchairs may help reduce the development of UE injuries over time.

Rehabilitation Trends

As current rehabilitation trends allow little time for this in the traditional setting, a comprehensive assessment of wheelchair propulsion and education on techniques to prevent future UE injury must be repeated over time

Future Research

Future research should continue to evaluate the potential impact of similar wheelchair assessment and training programs incorporating feedback for children with SCI including serial programs as they age.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Small number of participants
  • 2
    Wheelchair fit was not evaluated or adjusted
  • 3
    Short distance of propulsion due to the constraints of the space in the motion lab

Your Feedback

Was this summary helpful?

Back to Spinal Cord Injury