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  4. Trainer in a pocket - proof-of-concept of mobile, real-time, foot kinematics feedback for gait pattern normalization in individuals after stroke, incomplete spinal cord injury and elderly patients

Trainer in a pocket - proof-of-concept of mobile, real-time, foot kinematics feedback for gait pattern normalization in individuals after stroke, incomplete spinal cord injury and elderly patients

Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation, 2018 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12984-018-0389-4 · Published: May 18, 2018

NeurologyRehabilitationBiomechanics

Simple Explanation

This study explores the feasibility of using a mobile, shoe-mounted sensor system to provide real-time feedback to individuals with walking difficulties. The system gives verbal instructions to help users adjust their gait, focusing on parameters like stride length and foot angle. The goal is to see if this technology can help people with incomplete spinal cord injury, stroke, and elderly individuals walk more normally.

Study Duration
3 consecutive visits and 1 follow-up assessment 4 weeks post training
Participants
15 individuals with iSCI, 11 after stroke and 15 elderly
Evidence Level
Not specified

Key Findings

  • 1
    Mobile, real-time, verbalized feedback is feasible and results in a normalization of the feedback gait parameter.
  • 2
    The average level at iGA significantly decreased over the visits in all groups (Friedman’s test, p < 0.0001), with the biggest decrease between the first and second training visit
  • 3
    Users rated the system’s usability and its therapeutic effect as positive.

Research Summary

The study assessed the feasibility of a mobile gait therapy system providing real-time feedback for individuals with gait impairments after iSCI, stroke, and in the elderly. The results showed that the real-time feedback is feasible and leads to normalization of the targeted gait parameter, with users reporting positive experiences. The findings suggest a basis for using real-time feedback in task-specific motor rehabilitation programs, but future studies are needed to optimize the therapy's implementation.

Practical Implications

Rehabilitation Programs

Real-time feedback can be integrated into task-oriented locomotion therapies, which helps in normalization of non-physiological gait patterns.

Technology Development

The use of shoe-mounted IMU sensors is effective for providing real-time gait feedback, useful for developing improved systems.

Clinical Practice

The level structure of the norm-distance measure introduced can be used for objective assessment of gait disorders and effects of interventions.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Broad inclusion criteria may have resulted in a selection bias.
  • 2
    Multiple outcome measures and testing create analytical challenges.
  • 3
    Small sample size limits hypothesis generation.

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