Three-dimensional bioprinting collagen/silk fibroin scaffold combined with neural stem cells promotes nerve regeneration after spinal cord injury

Neural Regeneration Research, 2020 · DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.268974 · Published: November 8, 2019

Regenerative Medicine Neurology Biomedical

Simple Explanation

This study explores a new method for spinal cord injury repair using a 3D-printed scaffold made of collagen and silk fibroin, combined with neural stem cells (NSCs). The scaffold is designed to mimic the structure of the spinal cord and provide a supportive environment for cell growth and nerve regeneration. The researchers transplanted this scaffold, with and without NSCs, into rats with spinal cord injuries. They then assessed the rats' recovery using neurological scores, imaging techniques, and tissue analysis to determine the effectiveness of the treatment. The results showed that the combination of the 3D scaffold and NSCs significantly improved spinal cord repair, leading to better neurological function and reduced scar tissue formation compared to using the scaffold alone or no treatment.

Study Duration

8 weeks

Participants

40 Sprague-Dawley rats

Evidence Level

Not specified

Key Findings

1
Implantation of the 3D-CF combined with NSCs resulted in significantly higher neurological scores compared to other groups, indicating improved motor function recovery.
2
MRI and DTI results showed that the 3D-CF + NSCs group had the best spinal cord continuity and filling of the injury cavity, demonstrating enhanced tissue regeneration.
3
Histological analysis revealed that the 3D-CF + NSCs group had abundant regenerative axons and reduced glial scarring compared to other groups, indicating a more favorable healing environment.

Research Summary

This study investigates the efficacy of a 3D-bioprinted collagen/silk fibroin scaffold (3D-CF) combined with neural stem cells (NSCs) in promoting nerve regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. The results demonstrate that the 3D-CF scaffold, especially when combined with NSCs, significantly improves neurological function, promotes tissue regeneration, and reduces glial scarring in the injured spinal cord. The findings suggest that this combined approach holds promise for enhancing SCI repair by providing structural support, a favorable microenvironment, and promoting axonal regeneration.

Practical Implications

Therapeutic Potential

The 3D-CF + NSCs approach could be a potential therapeutic strategy for spinal cord injury by promoting nerve regeneration and functional recovery.

Scaffold Design

The biomimetic design of the 3D-CF scaffold, mimicking the spinal cord's anatomical structure, is crucial for guiding axonal growth and improving treatment outcomes.

Clinical Translation

Further research is needed to optimize the scaffold composition, cell delivery methods, and long-term effects to facilitate clinical translation of this approach for SCI treatment.

Study Limitations

1
Lack of NSC labeling and tracing to track the fate and distribution of transplanted cells.
2
Deficiencies in the assessment of neurological function, suggesting the need for additional objective assessment methods.
3
Absence of corticospinal tract tracing with biotin dextran amine to provide more complete and convincing results.

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