Prospects for the use of olfactory mucosa cells in bioprinting for the treatment of spinal cord injuries

World Journal of Clinical Cases, 2023 · DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i2.322 · Published: January 16, 2023

Regenerative Medicine Neurology Biomedical

Simple Explanation

The review focuses on cell therapy for spinal cord injuries, highlighting the promise of olfactory mucosa cells for transplantation due to their safety and effectiveness in restoring motor function. Olfactory mucosa cells aid in remyelination and axon regeneration and express neurotrophic factors crucial for nerve tissue recovery after spinal cord injuries. Combining olfactory mucosa cells with neurotrophic factors enhances their therapeutic potential, making them suitable for application in 3D and 4D bioprinting technologies for treating spinal cord injuries.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

Not specified

Evidence Level

Not specified

Key Findings

1
Olfactory mucosa cells, including NSPCs, OECs, and MSCs, show promise in cell therapy for spinal cord injuries due to their regenerative properties.
2
Exogenous neurotrophin therapy, involving the delivery of factors like NGF and BDNF, can promote neuroregeneration and axon growth after spinal cord injury.
3
Four-dimensional bioprinting, utilizing 'smart' materials, offers the potential to create adaptable scaffolds that can deliver olfactory mucosa cells and neurotrophic factors to promote spinal cord injury repair.

Research Summary

This review explores the potential of olfactory mucosa cells in bioprinting for treating spinal cord injuries, emphasizing their role in cell therapy due to their safety and effectiveness in nerve tissue recovery. The combination of olfactory mucosa cells with neurotrophic factors enhances therapeutic effects and opens possibilities for application in 3D and 4D bioprinting for spinal cord injury treatment. The development of smart 4D constructs containing neurotrophins and olfactory mucosa cells represents a promising strategy for spinal cord injury therapy, offering complex effects on damaged tissue and adaptability to changes in shape and size.

Practical Implications

Personalized Cell Therapy

Olfactory mucosa cells, easily obtained and safe for patients, offer a pathway for personalized cell therapy in spinal cord injury treatment.

Advanced Scaffold Design

Four-dimensional bioprinting allows the creation of 'smart' scaffolds capable of adapting to the injury site, enhancing cell survival and tissue regeneration.

Combination Therapies

Combining cell therapy with exogenous neurotrophin delivery or gene-cell constructs can significantly improve outcomes in spinal cord injury repair.

Study Limitations

1
Heterogeneity of OEC cultures can lead to side effects.
2
MSCs transplantation may have side effects such as neuropathic pain.
3
Application of neurospheres in the chronic phase of spinal cord injury remains understudied.

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