Pain Management Strategies for Botulinum Toxin Type A Injections in Children: A Comprehensive National Survey and Procedural Protocol

Botulinum toxin type A injections are a common treatment for muscle stiffness in children. The study looks at how pain is managed during these injections in Portugal and suggests a standard way to handle it. The researchers surveyed specialists in Portugal and reviewed existing studies to understand current practices. They found that while most specialists use some form of pain relief, there's no consistent way to assess or manage pain. Based on their findings, the authors propose a detailed protocol for managing pain during these injections. This protocol includes using pain relief medications, non-drug methods, and ways to assess the child's pain level.

• 1
  There is a concern among specialists about managing pain caused by BoNT-A injections in children.
• 2
  There is a noticeable lack of standardization in both pain control and assessment during the procedure.
• 3
  One-third of Portuguese PM&R specialists do not use any sedative agents.