MXenes as emerging materials to repair electroactive tissues and organs

MXenes are a new class of nanomaterials with electroactive properties, making them useful for repairing and regenerating tissues. Their unique properties, such as electromechanical capabilities and flexibility, make them ideal for various biomedical applications. These materials can potentially help in repairing organs like the brain, spinal cord, heart, and muscles. MXenes can be synthesized using top-down and bottom-up approaches. The top-down approach involves etching MAX phases to produce MXenes, while the bottom-up approach assembles small molecules into 2D structures. These methods influence the chemistry, structure, and surface functionalization of MXenes, affecting their properties. MXenes' properties, such as biocompatibility, optical capabilities, electrical conductivity, and magnetic behavior, make them suitable for tissue engineering. Functionalizing MXenes can enhance these properties, improving their performance in various biomedical applications, including bioelectronics and tissue repair.

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  MXene microelectrodes yielded higher quality neural recordings compared to gold microelectrodes due to lower neural impedance and background noise.
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  Ti3C2Tx MXene nanosheets coated on 2D tissue culture plates enhanced neural stem cell proliferation and neural differentiation, leading to longer neurites and more branching points.
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  The incorporation of UHAPNWs into MXene presented a relatively increased trabecular thickness and increased quality of regenerated bone tissue compared to control group.