Modulation of Inflammatory Responses to Enhance Nerve Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury

Inflammation is a natural response to injury, with immune cells playing a crucial role in wound healing and tissue regeneration. However, excessive inflammation after spinal cord injury (SCI) can worsen the damage. The editorial discusses therapeutic methods to modulate inflammation, aiming to promote functional regeneration after SCI. This involves suppressing secondary inflammation upon nerve damage through immunomodulation. Various approaches, including stem cell transplantation, cytokine delivery, and the use of small molecules like a-gal nanoparticles, are explored to enhance nerve recovery after SCI by modulating the inflammatory response.

• 1
  Stem cells like MSCs and NSCs can release anti-inflammatory cytokines and reduce the migration of inflammatory cells to the injured area, promoting recovery from spinal cord damage.
• 2
  Cytokine delivery, such as recombinant arginase-1 (rArg-1) or IL-10 and IL-4, can suppress T-cell infiltration, reduce NO production, and improve motor function after SCI.
• 3
  a-gal nanoparticles have shown promise in enhancing tissue healing and nerve regeneration by inducing macrophage activation and releasing various cytokines, leading to improved functional outcomes after SCI.