Matrices, scaffolds & carriers for cell delivery in nerve regeneration

Nerve injuries, especially those involving large gaps in peripheral nerves or spinal cord injuries, are difficult to treat effectively. This review explores the use of biomaterials as scaffolds to support cell transplantation as a promising strategy for nerve regeneration. The review discusses important factors to consider when designing biomaterial scaffolds for cell transplantation, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, mechanical properties, and cell adhesion. It also provides an overview of current biomaterials, both natural and synthetic, used for creating scaffolds that provide a supportive environment for transplanted cells to enhance nerve regeneration.

• 1
  Biomaterial scaffolds must be biocompatible, biodegradable, permeable/porous, biomechanically suitable, and capable of promoting cell adhesion, migration, and encapsulation to support nerve regeneration.
• 2
  Natural biomaterials, like collagen and hyaluronic acid, offer inherent bioactivity but may lack control over degradation rates and mechanical properties.
• 3
  Synthetic polymers offer tunable properties but may have limited biocompatibility and lack natural cell adhesion sites, making the combination of natural and synthetic biomaterials a promising approach.