Fibroblast growth factors in the management of spinal cord injury

J. Cell. Mol. Med., 2018 · DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13353 · Published: January 1, 2018

Spinal Cord Injury Regenerative Medicine Genetics

Simple Explanation

Spinal cord injuries are a significant health burden, and current treatments aren't fully restorative. Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have shown promise in preclinical studies for treating SCI by limiting inflammation, preventing cell death, and enhancing spinal cord plasticity. This review focuses on the potential of FGFs for treating SCI, discussing their role in the central nervous system, the pathophysiology of SCI, and targets for FGF treatment. It also addresses challenges and possibilities for clinical translation of FGF-based treatments. FGFs stimulate neuronal cell fate determination, migration and differentiation. Several growth factors have shown neuroprotective effect and could improve recovery in SCI.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

Animal models and human clinical trials

Evidence Level

Review

Key Findings

1
aFGF, in conjunction with a peripheral nerve graft, was proven to have a beneficial effect in the reparation of complete thoracic spinal cord transection model in rodent.
2
bFGF is act through one or more of cellular recovery processes to enhance functional recovery after SCI.
3
Combination therapies involving cell transplantation and growth factors delivery may reinforce restoration following SCI.

Research Summary

This review discusses the therapeutic potential and pitfalls of FGFs in treating spinal cord injuries (SCI). FGFs have shown promise in preclinical studies, promoting functional recovery through various mechanisms, including reducing inflammation and promoting nerve regeneration. Combination therapies, such as cell transplantation and biomaterial scaffolds with FGFs, offer synergistic effects for improved outcomes. Clinical trials have shown some success with aFGF, but more extensive, controlled studies are needed to confirm efficacy and long-term results. Despite promising findings, challenges remain in translating FGF-based treatments to clinical practice. These include optimizing drug delivery, addressing potential side effects, and conducting rigorous clinical trials to establish safety and efficacy.

Practical Implications

Therapeutic potential

FGFs can be further explored as a therapeutic agent for spinal cord injury management.

Combination therapies

Combining FGFs with cell transplantation and biomaterial scaffolds may improve outcomes.

Clinical translation

Future research should focus on clinical trials to validate the efficacy and safety of FGF-based treatments.

Study Limitations

1
Short half-life and susceptibility to inactivation of FGFs.
2
Lack of extensive clinical translational evidence of benefit among patients with SCI.
3
Complex regulatory issues with combination therapies involving stem cells and FGFs.

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