Epidemiology and healthcare utilization of First Nations peoples living with spinal cord injury in Alberta: an observational study to explore health inequities

Spinal Cord Series and Cases, 2023 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41394-023-00603-4 · Published: August 22, 2023

Simple Explanation

This study looks at the prevalence of spinal cord injuries (SCI) among First Nations people in Alberta compared to non-First Nations people. It also examines how often First Nations and non-First Nations people with SCI use healthcare services, such as visiting doctors or going to the hospital. The study aims to identify if there are any health inequities, meaning unfair differences in healthcare access or outcomes, between these two groups.

Study Duration

2 Years

Participants

First Nations and non-First Nations adults in Alberta with SCI

Evidence Level

Retrospective observational cohort study

Key Findings

1
The prevalence of both traumatic and non-traumatic SCI is higher among First Nations people in Alberta compared to non-First Nations people.
2
First Nations people with traumatic SCI (TSCI) have higher rates of healthcare utilization, including more visits to general practitioners, emergency departments, and inpatient hospitalizations, compared to non-First Nations people with TSCI.
3
First Nations people with TSCI also experience higher rates of SCI-related medical complications, such as pulmonary, genitourinary, and skin issues.

Research Summary

This study found a higher prevalence of both traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord injuries among First Nations Peoples in Alberta compared to non-First Nations individuals. Healthcare utilization rates were significantly higher in the First Nations cohort, particularly among those with traumatic SCI, indicating potential health inequities. The study suggests that First Nations individuals with SCI may face barriers in accessing or receiving adequate healthcare, leading to higher complication rates and increased use of emergency and inpatient services.

Practical Implications

Address Healthcare Inequities

The findings highlight the need to address healthcare inequities faced by First Nations Peoples living with SCI in Alberta.

Improve Access to Care

Efforts should focus on improving access to and quality of healthcare services for First Nations individuals with SCI, particularly in rural areas.

Culturally Sensitive Care

Develop culturally sensitive healthcare approaches that consider the unique needs and challenges of First Nations communities.

Study Limitations

1
First Nations identification was based on the First Nations Status Registry, potentially missing individuals without updated registration.
2
The study could not quantify the severity of SCI due to the use of administrative data.
3
The study did not include data for other Indigenous Peoples including Métis and Inuit populations.

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