Brain-Computer Interface Priming for Cervical Transcutaneous Spinal Cord Stimulation Therapy: An Exploratory Case Study

Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences, 2022 · DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.896766 · Published: June 23, 2022

Simple Explanation

This study explores combining brain-computer interface (BCI) motor priming with transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) to improve hand function in a person with a cervical spinal cord injury. The participant engaged in intensive hand training with tSCS, followed by a washout period, and then tSCS training with BCI motor priming before each session. The results showed improvements in arm and hand function during both phases, suggesting a potential benefit of motor priming for tSCS training, though further research is needed.

Study Duration

18 weeks

Participants

One 40-year-old male with chronic AIS A cervical SCI

Evidence Level

Case Study

Key Findings

1
The participant's arm and hand function improved from 96/232 at baseline to 117/232 after tSCS training alone.
2
Following BCI priming with tSCS training, the score further improved to 131/232, indicating improvements in strength, sensation, and gross and fine motor skills.
3
There was a moderate improvement of bilateral strength only when priming preceded tSCS training, suggesting a potential benefit of motor priming for tSCS training.

Research Summary

This case study investigated the potential of brain-computer interface (BCI) motor priming to enhance upper-extremity function following intensive transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) training in an individual with a cervical spinal cord injury. The participant underwent two phases: tSCS training alone and tSCS training with BCI motor priming. Improvements were observed in strength, sensation, and motor control during both phases. While functional improvements were seen in both phases, the study suggests that BCI motor priming may have enhanced bilateral strength, indicating a potential benefit, although further research with more participants is needed to confirm these findings.

Practical Implications

Rehabilitation Strategy

Combining BCI motor priming with tSCS may offer a more effective rehabilitation strategy for individuals with cervical spinal cord injuries.

Personalized Therapy

BCI-based motor priming can be tailored to individual neurophysiological states, potentially optimizing rehabilitation outcomes.

Further Research

Larger studies are needed to confirm the benefits of BCI priming for tSCS training and to understand the underlying mechanisms.

Study Limitations

1
Single case study limits generalizability
2
Inconsistency across outcome measures
3
Lack of a control group limits conclusions about the efficacy of tSCS and priming

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