Biomaterials in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Promising Therapeutic Approach

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2020 · DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093243 · Published: May 4, 2020

Regenerative Medicine Neurology Biomedical

Simple Explanation

Neurodegenerative disorders are a major global health concern, becoming more common as the population ages. Biomaterials show promise in treating these diseases by mimicking the natural environment of cells and delivering therapeutic molecules. Various biomaterials like hydrogels and nanoparticles are being explored for their ability to regenerate neural and glial cells and promote axon growth, offering potential new treatments.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

Not specified

Evidence Level

Review article

Key Findings

1
Hydrogels serve as effective scaffolds for stem cell culture and differentiation, while also acting as carriers for growth factors that support cell growth.
2
Nanoparticles are promising vectors for delivering active and protective molecules in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
3
Self-assembling peptides, nanofibers, and carbon-based nanomaterials show utility in restoring nerve injury by guiding axon growth and boosting electrical conductivity.

Research Summary

Neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) are a growing problem worldwide, and current treatments are limited to addressing symptoms rather than underlying mechanisms. Biomaterials offer a promising therapeutic approach for NDs due to their ability to mimic the extracellular matrix, support cell growth, and deliver active molecules. Hydrogels, nanoparticles, self-assembling peptides, nanofibers, and carbon-based nanomaterials have shown potential in neural and glial cell regeneration, axon outgrowth, and nerve injury restoration, but further studies are needed for human application.

Practical Implications

Drug Delivery Enhancement

Biomaterials can improve drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier, increasing therapeutic effectiveness.

Personalized Medicine

Customizable biomaterial scaffolds can be tailored to individual patient needs, enhancing treatment outcomes.

Regenerative Therapies

Biomaterials can promote neural tissue regeneration and functional recovery in neurodegenerative conditions.

Study Limitations

1
Safety concerns regarding inflammation and oxidative stress triggered by certain biomaterials.
2
The need for extensive testing before human application to ensure efficacy and safety.
3
Lack of clinical trials

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