User Based Development and Test of the EXOTIC Exoskeleton: Empowering Individuals with Tetraplegia Using a Compact, Versatile, 5-DoF Upper Limb Exoskeleton Controlled through Intelligent Semi-Automated Shared Tongue Control

Sensors, 2022 · DOI: 10.3390/s22186919 · Published: September 13, 2022

Simple Explanation

This research introduces the EXOTIC exoskeleton, a new robotic arm designed to help people with tetraplegia (paralysis of all four limbs). The goal is to give them more independence by enabling them to perform daily tasks. The EXOTIC system combines a lightweight exoskeleton, a tongue-control interface, and computer vision to assist users in moving their arm and hand. The tongue interface allows users to control the exoskeleton with movements of their tongue. Tests with both able-bodied individuals and people with tetraplegia showed that the EXOTIC system could successfully assist with tasks like drinking and picking up snacks. The users found the system usable and potentially life-changing.

Study Duration

5 Days (able-bodied), 3 Days (tetraplegia)

Participants

10 able-bodied, 3 individuals with tetraplegia

Evidence Level

Not specified

Key Findings

1
The EXOTIC exoskeleton system successfully assisted individuals with complete functional tetraplegia in performing ADLs.
2
The tongue control interface, combined with computer vision, allowed for continuous and direct control of the exoskeleton's movements.
3
User feedback indicated that the exoskeleton has the potential to significantly improve independence and quality of life for individuals with tetraplegia.

Research Summary

The paper presents the EXOTIC exoskeleton system, a novel assistive upper limb exoskeleton designed for individuals with complete functional tetraplegia. It aims to provide versatility and control for performing activities of daily living (ADLs). The system integrates a compact exoskeleton, a tongue control interface (TCI), and a computer vision guidance system. The EXOTIC was tested on ten able-bodied individuals and three users with tetraplegia. Results demonstrated successful assistance in tasks like drinking and picking up snacks, even for users with complete functional tetraplegia. User feedback confirmed the usability and potential for improving independence and quality of life.

Practical Implications

Increased Independence

The EXOTIC exoskeleton can empower individuals with tetraplegia to perform ADLs independently, reducing their reliance on caregivers.

Improved Quality of Life

By enabling self-sufficiency in daily tasks, the exoskeleton can significantly enhance the quality of life for individuals with severe disabilities.

Advancements in Assistive Technology

The integration of tongue control, computer vision, and a compact exoskeleton design can pave the way for more advanced and user-friendly assistive devices.

Study Limitations

1
The soft exoskeleton glove used in the study exhibited shortcomings, particularly for users with contractures and spasticity in their finger joints.
2
The temporary silicone fitting for the tongue interface was larger than the standard interface, which may have affected tongue mobility and control efficiency.
3
The sample size of individuals with tetraplegia was small, limiting the generalizability of the results.

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