Studies on the Regulatory Roles and Related Mechanisms of lncRNAs in the Nervous System

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, 2021 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/6657944 · Published: March 15, 2021

Simple Explanation

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a lack of signiﬁcant open reading frames (ORFs) and length more than 200 nt. lncRNAs not only play a role in the growth and development of nervous system but also play a signiﬁcant role in the process of nervous system injury and subsequent repair. As a result, in-depth study of lncRNA function and mechanism of action in the nervous system will greatly enhance our understanding of nervous system development, function, and the mechanism of disease occurrence and also provide new ideas for the treatment of some diseases.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

Not specified

Evidence Level

Review Article

Key Findings

1
lncRNAs are involved in the growth, development, and repair of the central and peripheral nervous systems.
2
The expression level of lncRNA-Evf2 is key to promote the diﬀerentiation of the GABAergic cells.
3
lncRNA HOTAIR binds to miR-221-3P and improves the expression of NPTX2, thus reducing cell activity and enhancing the autophagy ability of dopaminergic neurons.

Research Summary

This paper mainly describes the regulatory role of lncRNAs in various nervous systems and in neural diﬀerentiation of stem cells in various physiological or pathological processes. In general, more and more studies have revealed the key role and related mechanism of lncRNAs in the development, growth, and regeneration of nervous systems. With more studies and discoveries, lncRNAs are likely to become a signiﬁcant therapeutic target for the treatment of various neurological diseases in the future.

Practical Implications

Diagnostic Biomarkers

lncRNAs like BACE1 can serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing diseases like Alzheimer's.

Therapeutic Targets

Modulating lncRNA expression, such as HOTAIR in Parkinson's, offers new avenues for treating neurological disorders.

Regenerative Medicine

Understanding lncRNAs like OL1 that promote oligodendrocyte differentiation can enhance remyelination strategies for spinal cord injury.

Study Limitations

1
Most research on lncRNAs focuses on the central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases.
2
There are relatively few studies of peripheral nervous system injury and differentiation of neural stem cells.
3
Most of the existing studies have not described in detail the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA.

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