Spontaneous Recovery of Paraplegia in a Polytrauma Patient following Spinal Cord Ischemia due to Type B Traumatic Aortic Dissection

Case Reports in Orthopedics, 2023 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8918724 · Published: August 11, 2023

Cardiovascular Science Trauma Orthopedics

Simple Explanation

Aortic dissection is a serious condition where the layers of the aorta separate, often due to a tear. This can lead to severe pain and complications. This case involves a 65-year-old man who experienced this after a car accident. The patient initially developed paraplegia (paralysis of the lower body). This was caused by the aortic dissection affecting blood flow to the spinal cord. Through prompt diagnosis, endovascular aortic repair (placement of a stent graft), and multidisciplinary care, the patient recovered the ability to move his legs.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

65-year-old male

Evidence Level

Level 4, Case Report

Key Findings

1
Traumatic aortic dissection can manifest as transient paraplegia.
2
Prompt endovascular repair can lead to the recovery of motor function in patients with paraplegia secondary to aortic dissection.
3
A multidisciplinary trauma team approach is crucial for positive clinical outcomes in polytrauma patients with aortic dissection.

Research Summary

This case report describes a 65-year-old male who experienced a traumatic aortic dissection after a car accident, resulting in transient paraplegia and fractures. The patient underwent endovascular aortic repair and surgical stabilization of his fractures, leading to the recovery of motor function in his lower extremities. The case highlights the importance of considering aortic dissection in polytrauma patients with neurological deficits and the potential for recovery with prompt and appropriate intervention.

Practical Implications

Increased Awareness

Clinicians should be aware of aortic dissection as a potential cause of paraplegia in trauma patients.

Rapid Diagnosis and Treatment

Prompt diagnosis and endovascular intervention are crucial for improving outcomes in patients with aortic dissection and associated neurological deficits.

Multidisciplinary Approach

Effective management requires a coordinated effort from orthopedic surgeons, vascular surgeons, and intensivists.

Study Limitations

1
Single case report limits generalizability.
2
Lack of detailed long-term follow-up data.
3
Inability to definitively determine the exact cause of paraplegia (SCWIORA vs. hypoperfusion).

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