Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 as a Possible Alternative to Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 to Induce Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2018 · DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061674 · Published: June 5, 2018

Regenerative Medicine Genetics Orthopedics

Simple Explanation

This study investigates the potential of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) as an alternative to Bone Morphogenetic Protein-7 (BMP-7) for promoting bone regeneration using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The research compares the effects of IGF-1 and BMP-7 on the osteogenic differentiation of two types of MSCs: those from reaming debris (RMSC) and those from iliac crest bone marrow (BMSC). The findings indicate that BMSC respond more effectively to IGF-1 stimulation, exhibiting a greater degree of osteogenic differentiation compared to BMP-7 stimulation. RMSC, on the other hand, show a higher sensitivity to BMP-7. The study suggests that IGF-1 could be a valuable option for enhancing MSC osteogenic differentiation. Ultimately, the study highlights the importance of considering the MSC subtype and the method of differentiation factor application, as these factors can influence the outcome of osteogenic differentiation. IGF-1 appears promising in improving bone formation and should be explored further.

Study Duration

7 and 14 days

Participants

RMSC and BMSC of six donors (1 female, 5 male) with an average age of 60.8 years

Evidence Level

In vitro study

Key Findings

1
BMSC showed a more sensitive reaction towards stimulation with IGF-1, leading to a significantly higher degree of osteogenic differentiation compared to stimulation with BMP-7.
2
RMSC react more sensitively to stimulation with BMP-7 compared to BMSC, indicating differences in how these cell types respond to different growth factors.
3
Lower concentrations of IGF-1 were necessary to significantly increase osteogenic differentiation of both RMSC and BMSC compared to BMP-7.

Research Summary

This study compares the effects of IGF-1 and BMP-7 on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from reaming debris (RMSC) and iliac crest bone marrow (BMSC) in vitro. The results indicate that BMSC respond more effectively to IGF-1 stimulation, while RMSC are more sensitive to BMP-7. Lower concentrations of IGF-1 are needed to increase osteogenic differentiation compared to BMP-7. The study concludes that IGF-1 is a potential alternative to BMP-7 for improving bone formation, emphasizing the importance of considering MSC subtype and application method.

Practical Implications

Clinical Bone Defect Treatment

IGF-1 could be a valuable option to improve bone formation and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in bone defect treatment.

MSC Subtype Consideration

The subtype of MSC and the way of application must be considered when using growth factors.

Optimized Growth Factor Application

Optimal concentrations and continuous release of growth factors is necessary to enhance osteogenic differentiation of BMSC and RMSC.

Study Limitations

1
Low number of donors, which could cause a comparably lower number of statistically significant differences between the different groups.
2
The use of additional methods, such as measurement of specific bone markers, for example, osteocalcin or Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RunX2) or quantitative real-time PCR could strengthen the findings of this study
3
Not specified

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