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  4. High Rates of Vitamin D Deficiency in Acute Rehabilitation Patients

High Rates of Vitamin D Deficiency in Acute Rehabilitation Patients

Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation, 2021 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2021.100137 · Published: January 1, 2021

HealthcareNutrition & DieteticsRehabilitation

Simple Explanation

Vitamin D is important for calcium metabolism, bone health, and muscle strength. Low vitamin D levels have been linked to various health issues, including cardiovascular disease, depression, and decreased muscle strength. This study found that many patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation have low vitamin D levels. Identifying and treating this deficiency could help improve their rehabilitation outcomes. Younger patients in the study had surprisingly high rates of vitamin D deficiency, suggesting it might be a problem they had before hospitalization.

Study Duration
6 Months
Participants
100 patients (64 men/36 women), aged 19-92 years
Evidence Level
Cross-sectional, retrospective cohort study

Key Findings

  • 1
    76% of patients admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) had low vitamin D levels (<30 ng/mL).
  • 2
    Younger patients demonstrated higher rates of vitamin D deficiency compared with older patients (P<.0001).
  • 3
    Sex, ethnicity, BMI, admitting diagnosis, pre-IRF length of acute hospitalization, presence of acute fractures, treatment with antiepileptic medications, and treatment with systemic steroids did not demonstrate statistically significant associations with vitamin D status.

Research Summary

This study examined vitamin D levels in patients admitted to an acute inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) and found a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. The study also found that younger patients had higher rates of vitamin D deficiency, suggesting that it may be a pre-existing condition. The authors suggest that the IRF setting may be an opportune time to screen for and treat vitamin D deficiency to optimize rehabilitation outcomes.

Practical Implications

Screening for Vitamin D Deficiency

Routine screening for vitamin D deficiency should be considered for patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation, especially younger individuals and those with polytrauma.

Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency

Initiating vitamin D supplementation during inpatient rehabilitation may improve functional outcomes and reduce the risk of falls and fractures.

Further Research

Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on functional outcomes, fall risk, and fracture risk after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation.

Study Limitations

  • 1
    Cross-sectional and retrospective design limits causal inferences.
  • 2
    Lack of a control group of healthy, community-dwelling individuals.
  • 3
    The study did not assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on outcomes.

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