Spinal Cord Series and Cases, 2021 · DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41394-021-00414-5 · Published: May 24, 2021
Decompression sickness occurs when a person experiences a rapid reduction in pressure, leading to the formation of gas bubbles in the blood and tissues. Dysbaric osteonecrosis is a specific type of avascular necrosis (bone death due to lack of blood supply) that can occur in divers and those working in compressed air environments as a late effect of decompression sickness. This case report describes a patient who developed dysbaric osteonecrosis of the humeral head (shoulder) following type 2 decompression sickness, highlighting the importance of recognizing this rare complication.
Increased awareness among physicians can lead to earlier diagnosis of dysbaric osteonecrosis in patients with a history of decompression sickness.
Recognition of dysbaric osteonecrosis necessitates adjustments in rehabilitation prescriptions to minimize the risk of pathological fractures.
Patients with a history of decompression sickness should be monitored for signs and symptoms of dysbaric osteonecrosis, even months after the initial event.