Fluorescence-Based Analysis of Noncanonical Functions of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase-Interacting Multifunctional Proteins (AIMPs) in Peripheral Nerves

Materials, 2019 · DOI: 10.3390/ma12071064 · Published: April 1, 2019

Simple Explanation

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional proteins (AIMPs) are auxiliary factors involved in protein synthesis related to aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs). AIMPs are essential morphological indicators of peripheral nerve degeneration, and their actions are limited to peripheral nerves and not the dorsal root ganglion and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. In this study, we demonstrated that AIMPs are highly expressed in Schwann cells in injured peripheral nerves and that their levels are decreased during the process of nerve regeneration.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

Male C57BL/6 mice

Evidence Level

Not specified

Key Findings

1
AIMPs are highly expressed during nerve degeneration and their increases likely represent peripheral nerve dysfunction morphologically.
2
AIMPs expression occurred in Schwann cells but not in peripheral axons or the neuronal cell body.
3
The period of AIMP expression coincides with that of Schwann cell trans-dedifferentiation during nerve degeneration and regeneration.

Research Summary

The results of the present study suggest that AIMPs are effective indicators for identifying dysfunctional peripheral nerves morphologically. The present study indicated that in dysfunctional peripheral nerves, alteration of AIMPs expression occurred in Schwann cells but not in peripheral axons or the neuronal cell body Their noncanonical functions strongly affect dysfunctional peripheral nerves, especially trans-dedifferentiating Schwann cells.

Practical Implications

Diagnostic potential

AIMPs could serve as morphological indicators of dysfunctional peripheral nerves, aiding in early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases.

Target for therapies

Understanding AIMP's role in Schwann cell trans-dedifferentiation may open new therapeutic avenues for nerve regeneration.

Understanding nerve disorders

Further research into AIMPs' noncanonical functions in peripheral nerves can enhance understanding of disorders like diabetic neuropathy.

Study Limitations

1
The study focuses on the sciatic nerve crush model in mice.
2
Further evaluation is needed to strengthen the noncanonical functions of AIMPs on the trans-dedifferentiation of Schwann cells.
3
The exact mechanisms of AIMP involvement in Schwann cell trans-dedifferentiation require further investigation.

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