Current concept in neural regeneration research: NSCs isolation, characterization and transplantation in various neurodegenerative diseases and stroke: A review

Journal of Advanced Research, 2014 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2013.04.005 · Published: January 1, 2014

Simple Explanation

Neural stem cells (NSCs) can renew themselves and create different types of nervous system cells. NSCs are being explored for therapies to replace damaged cells in neurological disorders and stroke. Researchers are working on isolating and characterizing NSCs to better understand how they can be used in treatments.

Study Duration

Not specified

Participants

Not specified

Evidence Level

Review

Key Findings

1
NSCs can be isolated from various sources including skin, embryonic stem cells, bone marrow and adult nervous systems.
2
In vitro expansion of NSCs requires specific growth factors like EGF, FGF and LIF for their self-renewal and proliferation.
3
NSCs can be used in cell replacement, trophic support and modulation of inflammation to treat neurodegenerative disorders.

Research Summary

This review discusses the isolation, characterization, in vitro expansion, and use of NSCs in cell replacement therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and strokes. NSCs can be sourced from skin, ESCs, embryonic NSCs, bone marrow, and adult nervous systems. NSCs hold potential for treating Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, spinal cord injury, Huntington’s, ALS, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, and stroke.

Practical Implications

Therapeutic Potential

NSCs offer a promising avenue for treating various neurodegenerative diseases and stroke through cell replacement, trophic support, and immunomodulation.

Clinical Translation

Further research is needed to optimize NSC differentiation, survival, and integration in the host brain before widespread clinical application.

Personalized Medicine

Patient-specific iPSCs can be used to generate NSCs for autologous transplantation, reducing the risk of immune rejection.

Study Limitations

1
Limited sources of NSCs require long-term in vitro maintenance.
2
The complexity of the nervous system poses challenges for NSC integration and differentiation.
3
Immunological challenges exist with NSC transplantation into the CNS.

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