Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2019 · DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00209 · Published: March 12, 2019
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been shown to represent a potential treatment for traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Recent studies have suggested that MSC treatment is beneficial owing to paracrine-secreted factors. Extracellular vesicles are considered to be some of the most valuable paracrine molecules. This study demonstrated that administration of bone mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (BMSC-EV) reduced brain cell death, enhanced neuronal survival and regeneration, and improved motor function compared with the administration of BMSC-EV free culture media (EV-free CM). In summary, this study identified that extracellular vesicles treatment suppressed the migration of pericytes and further improved the integrity of the BSCB via NF-κB p65 signaling in pericytes. The data suggest that extracellular vesicles may serve as a promising treatment strategy for SCI.
Extracellular vesicles may serve as a promising treatment strategy for spinal cord injury.
BMSC-EV improves the structural integrity of the BSCB by inhibiting the migration of pericytes and improving the rate of pericyte coverage.
BMSC-EV administration contributes to neuronal survival, with less apoptosis and promotion of functional recovery observed.